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          <span data-v-4e82dffc>2021 - </span>
          2022
        </a></span></div></div> <div data-v-1156296a><main class="page"><section><div class="page-title"><h1 class="title">Docker Compose</h1> <div data-v-1ff7123e><i class="iconfont reco-account" data-v-1ff7123e><span data-v-1ff7123e>lzpeng723</span></i> <i class="iconfont reco-date" data-v-1ff7123e><span data-v-1ff7123e>9/29/2021</span></i> <!----> <i class="tags iconfont reco-tag" data-v-1ff7123e><span class="tag-item" data-v-1ff7123e>Docker</span></i></div></div> <div class="theme-reco-content content__default"><h1 id="docker-compose"><a href="#docker-compose" class="header-anchor">#</a> Docker Compose</h1> <p>Compose 简介
Compose 是用于定义和运行多容器 Docker 应用程序的工具。通过 Compose，您可以使用 YML 文件来配置应用程序需要的所有服务。然后，使用一个命令，就可以从 YML 文件配置中创建并启动所有服务。</p> <p>Compose 使用的三个步骤：</p> <ul><li>使用 Dockerfile 定义应用程序的环境。</li> <li>使用 <code>docker-compose.yml</code> 定义构成应用程序的服务，这样它们可以在隔离环境中一起运行。</li> <li>最后，执行 <code>docker-compose up</code> 命令来启动并运行整个应用程序。</li></ul> <h2 id="安装-docker-compose"><a href="#安装-docker-compose" class="header-anchor">#</a> 安装 Docker Compose</h2> <h3 id="linux"><a href="#linux" class="header-anchor">#</a> Linux</h3> <h4 id="下载安装"><a href="#下载安装" class="header-anchor">#</a> 下载安装</h4> <p>Linux 上我们可以从 Github 上下载它的二进制包来使用，最新发行的版本地址：<a href="https://github.com/docker/compose/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/docker/compose/releases<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>。
运行以下命令以下载 Docker Compose 的当前稳定版本：</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>sudo curl -L &quot;https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.1/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)&quot; -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p><a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Docker Compose<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 存放在Git Hub，不太稳定。
你可以也通过执行下面的命令，高速安装Docker Compose。
推荐一个 <a href="http://get.daocloud.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">docker 高速镜像地址<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>， 比 <a href="https://hub.docker.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Docker 官方镜像<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 快很多</p> <div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.0.0/docker-compose-<span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">`</span><span class="token function">uname</span> -s<span class="token variable">`</span></span>-<span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">`</span><span class="token function">uname</span> -m<span class="token variable">`</span></span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>你可以通过修改URL中的版本，可以自定义您的需要的版本</p> <h4 id="将可执行权限应用于二进制文件"><a href="#将可执行权限应用于二进制文件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 将可执行权限应用于二进制文件：</h4> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h4 id="创建软链"><a href="#创建软链" class="header-anchor">#</a> 创建软链：</h4> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h4 id="测试是否安装成功"><a href="#测试是否安装成功" class="header-anchor">#</a> 测试是否安装成功：</h4> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>docker-compose --version
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>注意： 对于 alpine，需要以下依赖包： py-pip，python-dev，libffi-dev，openssl-dev，gcc，libc-dev，和 make。</p> <h3 id="macos"><a href="#macos" class="header-anchor">#</a> macOS</h3> <p>Mac 的 Docker 桌面版和 Docker Toolbox 已经包括 Compose 和其他 Docker 应用程序，因此 Mac 用户不需要单独安装 Compose。Docker 安装说明可以参阅 MacOS Docker 安装。</p> <h3 id="windows-pc"><a href="#windows-pc" class="header-anchor">#</a> windows PC</h3> <p>Windows 的 Docker 桌面版和 Docker Toolbox 已经包括 Compose 和其他 Docker 应用程序，因此 Windows 用户不需要单独安装 Compose。Docker 安装说明可以参阅 <a href="/blogs/Docker/win10-install-Docker.html">Windows Docker 安装</a>。</p> <h2 id="使用"><a href="#使用" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用</h2> <p><a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/gettingstarted/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">参考链接<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p> <h3 id="_1、准备"><a href="#_1、准备" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1、准备</h3> <p>创建一个测试目录：</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>mkdir composetest
cd composetest
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>在测试目录中创建一个名为 app.py 的文件，并复制粘贴以下内容：</p> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> time

<span class="token keyword">import</span> redis
<span class="token keyword">from</span> flask <span class="token keyword">import</span> Flask
<span class="token keyword">from</span> flask_cors <span class="token keyword">import</span> CORS

app <span class="token operator">=</span> Flask<span class="token punctuation">(</span>__name__<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
CORS<span class="token punctuation">(</span>app<span class="token punctuation">,</span> supports_credentials<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
cache <span class="token operator">=</span> redis<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Redis<span class="token punctuation">(</span>host<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'redis'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> port<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">6379</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>


<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">get_hit_count</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    retries <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span>
    <span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">try</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
            <span class="token keyword">return</span> cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>incr<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'hits'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token keyword">except</span> redis<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exceptions<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ConnectionError <span class="token keyword">as</span> exc<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
            <span class="token keyword">if</span> retries <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
                <span class="token keyword">raise</span> exc
            retries <span class="token operator">-=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
            time<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sleep<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0.5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>


<span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    count <span class="token operator">=</span> get_hit_count<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'Hello World! I have been seen {} times.\n'</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>count<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><p>在此示例中，redis 是应用程序网络上的 redis 容器的主机名，该主机使用的端口为 6379。
在 composetest 目录中创建另一个名为 requirements.txt 的文件，内容如下：</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>flask
flask_cors
redis
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2、创建-dockerfile-文件"><a href="#_2、创建-dockerfile-文件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2、创建 Dockerfile 文件</h3> <p>在 composetest 目录中，创建一个名为 Dockerfile 的文件，内容如下：</p> <div class="language-Dockerfile line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-dockerfile"><code><span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">FROM</span> python:3.7-alpine</span>
<span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">WORKDIR</span> /code</span>
<span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">ENV</span> FLASK_APP app.py</span>
<span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">ENV</span> FLASK_RUN_HOST 0.0.0.0</span>
<span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">RUN</span> apk add --no-cache gcc musl-dev linux-headers</span>
<span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">COPY</span> requirements.txt requirements.txt</span>
<span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">RUN</span> pip install -r requirements.txt</span>
<span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">COPY</span> . .</span>
<span class="token instruction"><span class="token keyword">CMD</span> [<span class="token string">&quot;flask&quot;</span>, <span class="token string">&quot;run&quot;</span>]</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><p>Dockerfile 内容解释：</p> <ul><li>FROM python:3.7-alpine: 从 Python 3.7 映像开始构建镜像。</li> <li>WORKDIR /code: 将工作目录设置为 /code。</li> <li><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>ENV FLASK_APP app.py
ENV FLASK_RUN_HOST 0.0.0.0
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div>设置 flask 命令使用的环境变量。</li> <li>RUN apk add --no-cache gcc musl-dev linux-headers: 安装 gcc，以便诸如 MarkupSafe 和 SQLAlchemy 之类的 Python 包可以编译加速。</li> <li><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div>复制 requirements.txt 并安装 Python 依赖项。</li> <li>COPY . .: 将 . 项目中的当前目录复制到 . 镜像中的工作目录。</li> <li>CMD [&quot;flask&quot;, &quot;run&quot;]: 容器提供默认的执行命令为：flask run。</li></ul> <h3 id="_3、创建-docker-compose-yml"><a href="#_3、创建-docker-compose-yml" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3、创建 docker-compose.yml</h3> <p>在测试目录中创建一个名为 docker-compose.yml 的文件，然后粘贴以下内容：</p> <div class="language-yaml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-yaml"><code><span class="token comment"># yaml 配置</span>
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'3.9'</span>
<span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
  <span class="token key atrule">web</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> .
    <span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
     <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">&quot;5000:5000&quot;</span>
  <span class="token key atrule">redis</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;redis:alpine&quot;</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><p>该 Compose 文件定义了两个服务：web 和 redis。</p> <ul><li>web：该 web 服务使用从 Dockerfile 当前目录中构建的镜像。然后，它将容器和主机绑定到暴露的端口 5000。此示例服务使用 Flask Web 服务器的默认端口 5000 。</li> <li>redis：该 redis 服务使用 Docker Hub 的公共 Redis 映像。</li></ul> <h3 id="_4、使用-compose-命令构建和运行您的应用"><a href="#_4、使用-compose-命令构建和运行您的应用" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4、使用 Compose 命令构建和运行您的应用</h3> <p>在测试目录中，执行以下命令来启动应用程序：</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>docker-compose up
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>如果你想在后台执行该服务可以加上 -d 参数：</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>docker-compose up -d
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>如果你想停止应用程序，执行以下命令：</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>docker-compose down
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div></div></section> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">Last Updated: </span> <span class="time">1/28/2022, 8:09:41 AM</span></div></footer> <!----> <div class="comments-wrapper"><!----></div> <ul class="side-bar sub-sidebar-wrapper" style="width:12rem;" data-v-70334359><li class="level-2" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#安装-docker-compose" class="sidebar-link reco-side-安装-docker-compose" data-v-70334359>安装 Docker Compose</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#linux" class="sidebar-link reco-side-linux" data-v-70334359>Linux</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#macos" class="sidebar-link reco-side-macos" data-v-70334359>macOS</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#windows-pc" class="sidebar-link reco-side-windows-pc" data-v-70334359>windows PC</a></li><li class="level-2" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#使用" class="sidebar-link reco-side-使用" data-v-70334359>使用</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#_1、准备" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_1、准备" data-v-70334359>1、准备</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#_2、创建-dockerfile-文件" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_2、创建-dockerfile-文件" data-v-70334359>2、创建 Dockerfile 文件</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#_3、创建-docker-compose-yml" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_3、创建-docker-compose-yml" data-v-70334359>3、创建 docker-compose.yml</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-70334359><a href="/blogs/Docker/docker-compose.html#_4、使用-compose-命令构建和运行您的应用" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_4、使用-compose-命令构建和运行您的应用" data-v-70334359>4、使用 Compose 命令构建和运行您的应用</a></li></ul></main> 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